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  Phytochemicals for the prevention of Alzheimer's disease

( inexpensive and readily available prophylactic agents for AD )

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative disease increasingly recognized as one of the most important medical problems affecting the elderly. Although a number of drugs, including several cholinesterase inhibitors and an NMDA receptor antagonist, have been approved for use, they have been shown to produce diverse side effects and yield relatively modest benefits. To overcome these limitations of current therapeutics for AD, extensive research and development are underway to identify drugs that are effective and free of undesirable side effects. Certain naturally occurring dietary polyphenolic phytochemicals have received considerable recent attention as alternative candidates for AD therapy. In particular, curcumin, resveratrol, and green tea catechins have been suggested to have the potential to prevent AD because of their anti-amyloidogenic, anti-oxidative, and anti-inflammatory properties. These polyphenolic phytochemicals also activate adaptive cellular stress responses, called 'neurohormesis', and suppress disease processes. In this commentary, we describe the amyloid-β-induced pathogenesis of AD, and summarize the intracellular and molecular targets of selected dietary phytochemicals that might slow the progression of AD. To  get more: http://www3.interscience.wiley.com

The unstoppable antioxidant powerhouse

In the first installment of this antioxidants special NutraIngredients scans a diverse global market that has barely been dented by the recession and continues to flourish amid consumer understanding that is often little more than surface deep... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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  Homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 in Alzheimer's

( folate and vitamin B12 is beneficial )

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In Europe, neuropsychiatric diseases currently make up approximately a third of the total burden of disease. In 2004, 27% of the overall population was affected by at least one of the most frequent neuropsychiatric diseases such as Alzheimer’s dementia, Parkinson’s disease, stroke or depression. The annual costs of care exceed those of cancer, cardiovascular conditions and diabetes. In order to delay the onset or course of neurodegenerative diseases, the available potential should be utilized. As well as improving quality of life of patients and relatives, this may reduce the great financial burden caused by neurodegenerative disorders. However, the availability of established drugs or therapeutic agents is very limited. In the European countries, many people do not take the recommended daily minimum amount of folate and vitamin B12. Deficiency of these vitamins and secondary changes in the concentrations of associated metabolites, such as methylmalonic acid and homocysteine, may contribute to the onset and progression of neuropsychiatric diseases. This paper reviews the evidence regarding whether substitution of folate and vitamin B12 is beneficial, for example, in cerebrovascular disease, dementia and depression. To  get more: http://www.expert-reviews.com

Vitamin D may cut elderly heart disease and diabetes risk

Middle aged and elderly people with high blood levels of vitamin D may be at a 33 per cent lower risk of developing heart disease, says a new review from the UK.   ... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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  Inflammatory processes in Alzheimer's

( damage to neurotransmitter systems, neuronal dysfunction and death )

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Evidence for the involvement of inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been documented for a long time. However, the inflammation hypothesis in relation to AD pathology has emerged relatively recently. Even in this hypothesis, the inflammatory reaction is still considered to be a downstream effect of the accumulated proteins (amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau). This review aims to highlight the importance of the immune processes involved in AD pathogenesis based on the outcomes of the two major inflammation-relevant treatment strategies against AD developed and tested to date in animal studies and human clinical trials - the use of anti-inflammatory drugs and immunisation against Aβ. To  get more: http://alzres.com

Probiotics for mum during pregnancy may cut obesity in child

Taking probiotics during pregnancy may lead to less diabetes during pregnancy and reduce the risk of obesity later in a baby’s life, says a new study.  ... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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  Final drug trials for Alzheimer's

( achieve high quality in short duration )

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Integral Bio Sciences, a collaborative life sciences venture among scientists and investors from India and the US, has started the crucial 'phase four' trials of original drug discovery to treat prostate cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

Joining a handful of companies like Ranbaxy, Dr. Reddy's, Nicolas Piramal and Dabur which are conducting research on original molecules in India, Integral Bio Sciences has also emerged among the front-runners on novel drug discovery in the country.

'If everything goes well, you will see the real product in 2011. We have developed two molecules. Both of them have entered phase four of clinical trials in less than two years,' said Rajendra Jain, chief scientist of the company. 'This feat has also been achieved in a fairly short period of time,' Jain told IANS in an interview. To  get more: http://story.indiagazette.com

Magnesium supplements may boost lung health for asthmatics

Daily supplements of magnesium may improve lung function in asthmatics, and improve their quality of life, says a new study from America. ... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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  Calcium waves could provide Alzheimer's insights

( astrocytes in the brain’s cortex do more than provide support to neurons )

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New insights on what causes Alzheimer's disease could arise from a recent discovery made by bioengineers from the University of California, San Diego. The finding concerns the infamous amyloid beta peptides (Aβ)—fragments of which form plaques thought to play a role in Alzheimer's disease. The bioengineers found that amyloid beta peptides (Aβ) spontaneously trigger calcium waves in purified cultures of astrocyte cells extracted from the cortex region of rat brains and grown in the lab. These calcium waves could be relevant for understanding the origin of Alzheimer's disease. The accumulation of Amyloid beta fragments and sustained disruption of the calcium balance within cells are leading hypotheses for what causes Alzheimer's disease. To  get more: http://www.physorg.com

Rye beats laxatives for constipation relief

Consumption of fibre-rich rye bread may ease constipation and perform commercial laxatives, according to a new study from Finland. ... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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   Nutrients prove to be successful in Alzheimer’s

( choline and DHA boost the number of dendritic spines )

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A combination of nutraceutical ingredients may stimulate the growth of brain synapses, possibly improving memory in Alzheimer’s patients by stimulating new brain connections, researchers reported in Alzheimer’s & Dementia. In the randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, led by Philip Scheltens, director of the Alzheimer Center at Vrije Universiteit Medical Center in Amsterdam, Alzheimer’s patients (n=225) received placebo or a medical food containing uridine, choline, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), B vitamins, phospholipids and antioxidants (as Souvenaid, from Danone) for 12 weeks. Subjects on the active intervention showed improved memory (delayed verbal recall), possibly by supporting growth of the connective synapses. ... To  get more: http://www.naturalproductsinsider.com

New EU omega-3 labeling rules to boost product launched

 New European Union omega-3 labelling rules will help consumers understand the role the fatty acids can play in the diet and boost product launches, according to the global omega-3 trade group, GOED.    ... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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   Low Diastolic Pressure and Risk of Dementia

( predicts the risk of dementia among very old people )

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Midlife high blood pressure is linked to late-life dementia. We sought to investigate the temporal relation of blood pressure to the risk of dementia and Alzhei-mer's disease (AD) among older adults. 
A dementia-free cohort (n = 422) aged > or =81 years was followed for 3 years to detect dementia and AD cases (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Third Edition, Revised criteria). The blood pressure was measured 4 times over a 9-year period starting from > or =75 years of age. The data were analyzed with Cox models controlling for potential confounders. 
During the 954 person-years of follow- up, 89 subjects developed dementia (72 AD cases). Low diastolic pressure (<70 vs. 70-89 mm Hg) was associated with a multiadjusted hazard ratio of 2.13 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05-4.32] for dementia and 2.16 (95% CI = 0.98-4.73) for AD occurring over a 6-to 9-year period, whereas high diastolic pressure (> or =90 mm Hg) was marginally related to a decreased hazard ratio of 0.58 (95% CI = 0.33-1.02) for dementia and 0.57 (95% CI = 0.30-1.09) for AD. Systolic pressure was not significantly related to dementia risk. Subjects who developed dementia had a greater decline in blood pressure than persons who did not, mainly during the 3-year period before dementia diagnosis.  To  get more: http://content.karger.com

Gut microflora and diabetes

Bacterial populations in the gut of diabetics differ from non-diabetics, says a new study from Denmark that may open up a potential role for modify gut microflora with probiotics and prebiotics and improve health.   ... http://www.nutraingredients.com

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