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Deborah E. Wiley, Chairman of The Wiley Foundation, and Senior Vice President, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., have announced that the sixth annual Wiley Prize in Biomedical Sciences will be awarded jointly to Dr. F. Ulrich Hartl, Director at the Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, in Munich, Germany, and Dr. Arthur L. Horwich, Eugene Higgins Professor of Cellular and Molecular Physiology at the Yale University School of Medicine, and Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute.

Dr. Hartl and Dr. Horwich were chosen for their elucidation of the molecular machinery that guides proteins into their proper functional shape, thereby preventing the accumulation of protein aggregates that underlie many diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Three major hypotheses have been proposed for immunotherapy of Alzheimer’s disease with amyloid-beta vaccination: the microglia-mediated phagocytosis, the peripheral-sink hypothesis, and the inhibition of fibrillogenesis and cytotoxic amyloid-beta species. Caution must be exercised when considering an immunotherapy for ALS patients. For example, vaccination with amyloid- yielded positive results for clearance of amyloid plaques in mice models of Alzheimer’s disease, but the approach has been associated with incidence of meningoencephalitis in some Alzheimer’s disease patients.